Effect of short-term probiotic yogurt consumption on caries risk factors in infants

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to evaluate the effect of short term probiotic yogurt consumption on pH, buffering capacity, and streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilli and secretory IgA levels in saliva of 6-8 months old healthy infants.
METHODS: Twenty healthy infants and their mothers were enrolled in the study. They were randomly allocated into two groups as study and control. In the study group, probiotic yogurt (Bifidobacterium Longum BB536, Bifidobacterium Bifidum Bb12,Lactobacillus RhamnosusHN001) was given to infants for 3 weeks whereas in the control group home made yogurt was consumed. A dental saliva pH-Indicator strip (GC, Japan) was used for salivary pH measurements. Buffering capacity was determined using CRT buffer (Ivoclar Vivadent,Liechtenstein). The counts of salivary mutans streptococci and lactobacilli were evaluated using CRT bacteria (Ivoclar Vivadent,Liechtenstein). Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) was used for secretory IgA. Scores at baseline and three weeks after were statistically evaluated by Wilcoxon test using IBM SPSS 20.0 programme.
RESULTS: Salivary pH, IgA, Streprococcus mutans and and lactobacilli values showed no significant change after 3 weeks of probiotic yogurt consumption however there was a statistically significant increase in the buffering capacity of saliva (p=0.04)
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Short term probiotic yogurt intervention in infants at early stages of life might have benefits for oral health. Further studies with both short and long term use of probiotics must be implemented in infants to confirm the results and see the effects on other caries risk factors.